Procedures
Cyst Removal Surgery
Cyst removal surgery is a medical procedure performed to remove a cyst – a sac-like pocket of tissue that can form anywhere in your body. These cysts may contain fluid, or semi-solid material. Often harmless, some cysts can grow large, cause discomfort, or possibly get infected, at which point they may need to be surgically removed.
Consultant Plastic Surgeon Anca Breahna performs cyst removal surgery and other reconstructive and aesthetic procedures.
At a glance
30 minutes
Local Anaesthesia
A few days
Table of Contents
What Is Cyst Removal Surgery?
Cyst removal surgeries are commonplace in medical practice, and they range from relatively simple procedures performed under local anaesthesia to more complex surgeries requiring general anaesthesia. The surgical approach chosen will depend on the cyst’s size, location, and characteristics.
Who Needs Cyst Removal Surgery?
Cyst removal surgery isn’t always necessary, as many cysts are harmless and do not cause symptoms. However, some situations may warrant a surgical approach. Here are some of the specific factors that can make you a good candidate for cyst removal surgery:
- Pain or discomfort: The first consideration is whether the cyst is causing physical discomfort or pain. If a cyst grows large enough or is located in a place that puts pressure on nerves or sensitive areas, it can cause discomfort or even intense pain. In these cases, cyst removal surgery can be a helpful solution to alleviate the pain
- Functional limitations: Sometimes, cysts can limit the functionality of certain body parts. For example, a cyst on the wrist (known as a ganglion cyst) can make it difficult to use the affected hand for routine tasks. When a cyst impedes normal body functions, removal may be recommended
- Recurring infections: If a cyst is prone to recurrent infections, it might be better to remove it entirely. Repeated infections can lead to other complications and are often a sign that the cyst isn’t likely to resolve on its own
- Continued growth: Most cysts remain small and cause no issues. However, some continue to grow larger over time. A rapidly growing cyst can be a concern because it can lead to increased discomfort, risk of rupture, or may indicate a more serious condition like cancer
- Potential malignancy: Cysts are generally benign, but in some instances, they may be malignant or have the potential to become cancerous. In cases where the cyst’s nature is uncertain, Anca may recommend removing it so that it can be examined more closely in a lab
- Cosmetic considerations: While not a medical necessity, cysts located in visible areas, such as the face or neck, might be removed for cosmetic reasons. Visible cysts can affect a person’s appearance, and removing the cyst can help restore the natural look of the skin
Benefits of Cyst Removal Surgery
When a cyst is causing issues, removing it surgically can offer relief and prevent future complications. For instance, if you’re experiencing discomfort, pain, or restriction in function due to a cyst, having it removed will alleviate these symptoms.
In some cases, a cyst may pose a risk of rupture or infection – conditions that can lead to more severe health problems. Through surgery, these threats can be effectively neutralised. Additionally, if there’s a chance the cyst could be cancerous, its removal allows for precise diagnosis and can potentially halt the spread of cancer cells.
More than this, there are cosmetic benefits to cyst removal. Cysts, especially those visible on the skin, can be unsightly and may affect a person’s appearance. Removing the cyst can restore the normal appearance of the skin or body part where the cyst was located.
Types of Cyst Removal Procedures
Excision
- This is one of the most common methods used for cyst removal
- During this procedure, Anca makes an incision on or near the cyst and removes the entire cyst along with a small amount of the surrounding tissue
- The aim is to remove the cyst in its entirety to reduce the chance of recurrence
- After the cyst is removed, the surgeon stitches the wound closed
- Excision is usually done under local anaesthesia, but for larger cysts or those located deep within the body, general anaesthesia may be used
Drainage or Aspiration
- Drainage or aspiration is less invasive than excision and is often used for fluid-filled cysts
- Anca inserts a needle or small tube into the cyst and drains the fluid
- This technique provides immediate relief from symptoms but does not remove the cyst’s sac, meaning the cyst can potentially refill and recur
- Local anaesthesia is used during this procedure
Marsupialisation
- This technique is often used for larger cysts, particularly those that may be risky to remove entirely, such as Bartholin’s cysts
- Anca drains the cyst, then sews the edges of the cyst’s sac to form a pouch or marsupium. The marsupium remains open, allowing the cyst to continue draining over time
- This procedure requires local anaesthesia and may require follow-up visits to ensure the cyst is draining properly
How Is The Cyst Removal Procedure Performed?
The process of a cyst removal surgery involves several stages, including consultations, preparation, the procedure itself, and aftercare. Here’s an in-depth look at what each of these steps entails:
Consultation
The process begins with an initial consultation, where Anca will evaluate your condition. This may involve a physical examination and possibly diagnostic tests such as ultrasound, MRI, or biopsy to determine the nature of the cyst. The surgeon will discuss various treatment options with you. If a surgical procedure is recommended, they will explain the types of procedures available and suggest the most appropriate one for your case.
Preparation
You may be asked to fast (no food or drink) for several hours before the surgery, particularly if general anaesthesia will be used. If you’re taking any medications, Anca might instruct you to adjust your usual regimen. Some medicines can interfere with anaesthesia or increase the risk of bleeding.
The Procedure
- Anaesthesia: Depending on the type of procedure and the cyst’s location, either local or general anaesthesia will be administered
- Cyst removal: Anca will then proceed with the cyst removal, using the technique that was agreed upon during the consultation phase (excision, drainage/aspiration, marsupialization, or other)
- Closure: After the cyst is removed, your surgeon will close the incision with stitches or they may use a special kind of glue or adhesive tape
The medical field offers several types of cyst removal procedures. The chosen method will depend on several factors such as the cyst’s size, location, and nature. The different techniques in cyst removal includes excision, drainage or aspiration and marsupialisation.
Recovery After Cyst Removal Surgery
The recovery process after cyst removal surgery will vary depending on the type of procedure, the location of the cyst, and individual health factors. Let’s break down what the recovery process might look like in detail:
Immediately After Surgery
Immediately following the surgery, you will be monitored in a recovery area until the effects of anaesthesia have worn off. You may feel some pain or discomfort in the area where the cyst was removed. This can be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers, although in some cases, Anca might prescribe a stronger medication.
At-Home Care
- Wound care: Keeping the incision area clean and dry is crucial to prevent infection. You will be given specific instructions about bathing and changing dressings
- Activity levels: Depending on the location and size of the cyst, you might need to limit your physical activities to allow the body to heal. Anca will provide guidance on when you can return to normal activities or work
- Pain and swelling: Some swelling and bruising around the surgical area is common. Over-the-counter medication can often help manage this discomfort, but contact your surgeon if you notice extreme swelling, redness, or increased pain
Follow-Up Appointments
- Stitches removal: If you have non-dissolvable stitches, you will need a follow-up appointment to remove them. This usually occurs within 7 to 14 days after surgery
- Healing check: Anca will want to check your healing process and address any concerns you may have. This happens a few weeks after surgery
- Recurrence monitoring: If the cyst was large or there’s a risk it might recur, Anca might schedule additional follow-up appointments for monitoring
Long-Term Recovery
- Scar care: Once the wound has fully healed, there may be a scar. Over time, the scar should become less noticeable, but this process can be facilitated by protecting the area from the sun, and with the use of certain creams or ointments recommended by Anca
- Watch for recurrence: Even after successful surgery, cysts can sometimes return. Contact Anca’s office if you notice signs of a recurring cyst, such as a new lump in the same area
It’s important to note that everyone’s recovery timeline will be different, and some people may recover more quickly than others. Always follow Anca’s advice and don’t hesitate to reach out to them if you have concerns during your recovery.
Reviews
Patient satisfaction is the top priority for Anca. You can find how patients feel about her work below.
Wish I’d Done It Sooner! I am so pleased with the results
After searching and deliberating for a long time, I consulted Anca regarding the removal of 3 lipomas. From start to finish, she was fantastic! One of the lipomas was on my forehead and I have to search for the scar! I am so pleased with the results of all and the one regret is that I didn’t find her sooner. I wouldn’t hesitate to recommend her
Miss Breahna removed a cancerous nodule from my forehead in March 2021. I was quite nervous when I arrived at the hospital, but when I was greeted by a member of her team I started to feel calmer as they were so professional and friendly.
Once inside the theatre Miss Breahna and her team helped me to feel relaxed and comfortable throughout, the team atmosphere was friendly and upbeat during my operation and I was looked after wonderfully. I would recommend Miss Breahna and her team to anyone requiring this type of surgery.
Kate Hodson
Further Reading
- Read Anca’s Blog on How to Get Rid of Moles
- Read Anca’s Blog on Treatment Options for Lipoma and Other Swellings
- Read Anca’s Blog on Treatment for Nerve Lacerations and Trauma
Procedure
Frequently asked questions
How long does it take to recover from a cyst removal surgery?
The recovery time after cyst removal surgery can vary greatly depending on the individual and the specifics of the procedure, including the size and location of the cyst. However, most people find that they can return to their normal activities within 1 to 2 weeks following the surgery. Anca will give you a more personalised estimate based on your individual circumstances.
Will there be a visible scar after the surgery?
There will likely be a scar where Anca made the incision to remove the cyst. The size and visibility of the scar depend on several factors, including the size of the cyst, the surgical technique used, and your body’s healing process. In most cases, scars fade over time and become less noticeable.
Can a cyst return after being removed?
Although the aim of cyst removal surgery is to fully remove the cyst and prevent recurrence, there’s still a chance that a cyst can come back, especially if the entire cyst wall was not removed during the procedure. Regular follow-up visits with Anca can help monitor for any signs of recurrence.
Is cyst removal surgery painful?
Pain levels can vary, but discomfort is generally well managed with medications. You might feel some pain or discomfort at the site of the surgery after the procedure, which can usually be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers or prescription medication if needed.
Is it always necessary to remove a cyst surgically?
Not all cysts require surgical removal. Many cysts are harmless and can be left alone if they don’t cause symptoms. However, if a cyst is causing pain, growing rapidly, or located in a place that’s causing problems, Anca may recommend surgical removal. The decision will be based on your symptoms, the cyst’s characteristics, and your overall health.
What are the risks of cyst removal surgery?
As with any surgical procedure, cyst removal carries certain risks and potential complications. While these are generally rare and measures are taken to minimise them, it’s important to understand what they could involve. Let’s examine some possible risks:
Infection
- Infection is a potential risk with any type of surgery. While steps are taken to minimise this risk, such as cleaning the area thoroughly before surgery, there’s still a small chance that an infection could develop at the incision site
- Signs of infection can include redness, swelling, increasing pain, discharge from the wound, or a high temperature. If you notice any of these signs, it’s important to contact Anca promptly
Bleeding
- While Anca takes precautions to control bleeding during surgery, there’s still a small risk of post-operative bleeding
- If you notice a lot of bleeding from the surgical site or if you feel weak or dizzy, seek immediate medical attention
Reaction to Anaesthesia
- Anaesthesia, whether local or general, carries a risk of allergic reaction or adverse side effects
- These can range from mild reactions like skin rashes or nausea to more severe ones like difficulty breathing. Any concerns or known allergies should be discussed with your Anca prior to surgery
Scarring
- Scarring is a common consequence of most surgeries. The size and visibility of the scar will depend on the size of the cyst and the method used to remove it
- Most scars will fade over time and become less noticeable
Recurrence
- Even after successful cyst removal, there’s a chance that a cyst can recur, especially if the cyst was not fully removed during the surgery
- Regular follow-up visits can help detect and manage any recurring cysts promptly
Damage to Surrounding Tissues
- Although surgeons aim is to remove the cyst with minimal impact on surrounding tissues, there’s always a slight risk of damage
- This can potentially lead to longer recovery times or additional treatment
Medical References about Cyst Removal Surgery
- What’s the Treatment for Skin Cysts? – WebMD
- Sebaceous Cyst: Removal, Infections, And Treatment – Medical News Today
- Skin Cysts – NHS
- Bartholin’s cyst – Treatment – NHS
Ms Anca Breahna, PhD, MSc, FEBOPRAS, FRCS (Plast) is a highly regarded Consultant Plastic Surgeon specialising in the field of Aesthetic and Reconstructive Plastic Surgery. Anca performs a range of 
